Climate Change has been at the forefront of the scientific
(and political) conversation for over a decade.
First touted as “Global Warming,” the nomenclature has changed through
the years to better fit the reality.
There is no doubt that our climate is changing. Written history, the archaeological record
and the geologic record all tell us that climate is cyclic and goes through
periods of warming and cooling. The most
dramatic and destructive of those cycles brought intense cold and continent
size glaciers to the Northern Hemisphere that lasted for thousands of years each
time.
Intense warming in the early middle ages, brought temperatures
thought to be much warmer than the present, and resulted in massive population
growth in Northern Europe. Greenland
became so temperate that Scandinavian explorers established settlements that
lasted for generations. Those
settlements were abandoned when the climate changed again with the “Little Ice
Age,” which lasted from the mid 14th Century until the early 19th
Century.
North America is experiencing unusually cold and snowy weather
this winter. As of early February, the
Great lakes are over 90% ice covered, the most the lakes have seen since the
mid 1990s. The reports of the ice on the
lakes made me take notice of this blog post (thanks for sharing Greg!) I’ve reblogged it here. Go to the original site to see even more
photos.
The Frost Fair: When the River Thames Froze Over Into London's Most Debaucherous Party
by Allison Meier - Feb 7, 2014For additional period art work of the Frost Fairs go to the original blog:
http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/frost-fair-of-london
From about 1550 to 1850, the world was in what scientists
have deemed a "Little
Ice Age." The frigid
centuries included the spectacular sight of the River Thames in London freezing
over, sometimes with ice so solid people decided to go out and have a festival
on the river.
The Frost Fairs were staged on the frozen Thames in 1683-4,
1716, 1739-40, 1789, and 1814. Parallel exhibitions commemorating the 200 year
anniversary of the last Frost Fair in February of 1814 are being held at the
Museum of London in the City of London and the Museum of London Docklands. Frozen Thames: Frost Fair 1814 shows
the winter bacchanalia from the Frost Fair, where the main trade was booze and
the principal activity was having as wild a time as possible without breaking
the ice. Through etchings, paintings, mementos printed by enterprising press owners, and even a 200-year-old block of gingerbread - the "only surviving piece of gingerbread bought at the 1814 Frost Fair" - you can get an idea of the joy and chaos of the Frost Fairs. It seems the artists most delighted in showing people falling on the ice (one of the drinks served along with beer and gin was a highly intoxicating concoction called "Purl" that involved wormwood), but you can also spy participants roasting sheep, playing games like bowling and "throwing at cocks" (that seemed to involve hurling things at roosters), and even fox hunting and bull-baiting. Some reports even claim an elephant walked across the ice, but sadly it did not make it into these tableaux.
While with the current climate and the alteration of the architecture of the Thames it's not likely there will be another Frost Fair, you can find memories of it in the city. Under the Southwark Bridge, Richard Kindersley created a series of engravings on slate remembering the fair with this inscription:
Behold the Liquid
Thames frozen o’re,
That lately Ships of mighty Burthen bore
The Watermen for want of Rowing Boats
Make use of Booths to get their Pence & Groats
Here you may see beef roasted on the spit
And for your money you may taste a bit
There you may print your name, tho cannot write
Cause num'd with cold: tis done with great delight
And lay it by that ages yet to come
May see what things upon the ice were done
That lately Ships of mighty Burthen bore
The Watermen for want of Rowing Boats
Make use of Booths to get their Pence & Groats
Here you may see beef roasted on the spit
And for your money you may taste a bit
There you may print your name, tho cannot write
Cause num'd with cold: tis done with great delight
And lay it by that ages yet to come
May see what things upon the ice were done
Abraham Hondius, "The Frozen Thames, 1677," (© Museum of London) |
"A Frost Fair on the Thames at Temple Stairs," 1684, Abraham Hondius (© Museum of London) |
"Frost Fair on the River Thames, 1684" (c.1800), unknown artist (© Museum of London) |
Printed keepsake, 2 February 1814 (© Museum of London) "This simple, hastily produced example conveys the urgency and excitement of being there." |
"View of the Thames off Three Cranes Wharf, 1814," Burkitt & Hudson (© PLA Collection / Museum of London) |
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